To find the answer to the question we can compare the real experimental values of ionization energy of various elements.
You are watching: Which value represents the first ionization energy of a nonmetal
For this we will take the elements of the second period.
| 520.2 | 899.5 | 800.6 | 1086.5 | 1402.3 | 1313.9 | 1681 | 2080.7 |
As we can see that the trend shows that the non metals have a higher ionization energy when compared to the metals. Using this information we can try to solve the question given.
We can cancel out the first two options as the values are very small for them to be the values of ionization energy of non metals.
Now we are left with two options. 3 and 4.
As we have already learnt that the nonmetallic elements have a very high ionization energy, let us look at the general trends of ionization energy.
The values of ionization energy increases with increase in atomic number as we move across a period.
This means that, even when we talk about non metals, Boron will have a smaller value of ionization energy than Carbon, Carbon will have a smaller value of ionization energy than Oxygen, Fluorine will have a lower value of ionization energy than Neon which is also a non metal and also a noble gas.
The values of ionization energy decreases with increase in atomic number as we move down in a group.
It is very important to not get confused with the two aforementioned statements.
You can also read: Why Does Ionization Energy Decrease Down A Group?
The non metals generally have higher ionization energy so choosing a higher value will always be correct. So with this we can cancel out option 3.
This only leaves us with option 4 as it has the highest value of ionization energy among the options given. So most likely the answer for the question will be option 4.
The answer for the question is Option 4: 1000 kJ mol-1
Let us brush up our knowledge on what is a non metal and what is ionization energy of an element.
Brush Up
A non metal is an element is which is placed in the right corner of the periodic table. They are mostly compared with metals in terms of various factors.
A non metal has low melting and boiling point, and a low density. They are usually brittle and non lustrous.
They often form ionic or covalent bonds.
They have very high values of electronegativity, ionization energy and electron affinity.
Ionization energy of an element is the amount of energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron from an isolated gaseous atom to form a gaseous ion.
See more: What Risk Do Some Interest Groups Pose To The Political System?
M (g) + Ionization energy → M+ (g) + e-
The various factors that affect ionization energy are:
Size of the atom
Nuclear Charge
Screening or Shielding Effect
Penetration effect of electrons
Electronic configuration
All noble gases also fall under the category of non metals.
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