Which of the choices below describes the ANS?A. sensory neurons that convey information from somatic receptors in the head, body wall, and limbs and from receptors from the special senses of vision, hearing, taste, and smell to the CNSB. motor fibers that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glandsC. sensory and motor neurons that supply the digestive tractD. motor fibers that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscles
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B. Motor fibres that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands
Which sympathetic fibers form the splanchnic nerve?A. those that pass through the trunk ganglion to synapse in collateral or prevertebral gangliaB. those that synapse with parasympathetic fibersC. those that synapse in the same trunk ganglion they enteredD. those that synapse with somatic fibers
Which of the following effects is characteristic of the parasympathetic nervous system:A. decreases heart rateB. decreases activity of the digestive systemC. increases metabolic rateD. stimulates sweat glands to produce perspirationE. decreases urine output
Erection of the penis or clitoris ________.Select one:A. is primarily under sympathetic controlB. is the result of coordinated activation by both sympathetic and parasympathetic inputC. depends very little on autonomic activationD. is primarily under parasympathetic control
A drug that might be used specifically to reduce heart rate in cardiac patients could be ________.A. anticholinesteraseB. norepinephrineC. a beta-blockerD. epinephrine
Over 90% of all parasympathetic fibers are derived from cranial nerve number ________.Select one:A. VB. XC. VIID. XII
Which nervous system subdivision is a chain of two motor neurons consisting of a preganglion and a postganglionic neuron:A. somaticB. sensoryC. centralD. autonomicE. visceral
Preparing the body for the “fight-or-flight” response is the role of the ________.A. sympathetic nervous systemB. somatic nervous systemC. cerebrumD. parasympathetic nervous system
Beta-blockers ________.A. have widespread sympathetic effectsB. are potent antidepressantsC. increase a dangerously low heart rateD. decrease heart rate and blood pressure
Which of the following statements is not true?A. Sympathetic has extensive branching of preganglionic fibers; parasympathetic has minimal branching of preganglionic fibers.B. Sympathetic origin is craniosacral; parasympathetic is thoracolumbar.C. Sympathetic division has short preganglionic and long postganglionic fibers; parasympathetic has long preganglionic and short postganglionic fibers.D. Sympathetic ganglia are within a few centimeters of the CNS; parasympathetic are close to visceral organs served.
Sympathetic nerves may leave the spinal cord at which vertebra?A. first coccyxB. first thoracicC. second cervicalD. third lumbar
Which one of these effectors is NOT directly controlled by the autonomic nervous system:A. cardiac muscleB. skeletal muscleC. abdominal organsD. smooth muscleE. most glands
Which is a uniquely sympathetic function?A. regulation of respiratory rateB. regulation of cardiac rateC. regulation of pupil sizeD. regulation of body temperature
The somatic and autonomic nervous systems differ in all of the following except ________.A. all of the neurotransmittersB. their effectorsC. their efferent pathwaysD. to some degree in target responses to their neurotransmitters
Cardiovascular effects of the sympathetic division include all except ________.A. constriction of most blood vesselsB. dilation of the vessels serving the skeletal musclesC. dilation of the blood vessels serving the skin and digestive visceraD. increase of heart rate and force
Which of the following is not a result of parasympathetic stimulation?A. dilation of the pupilsB. elimination of urineC. increased peristalsis of the digestive visceraD. salivation
The parasympathetic tone ________.A. causes blood pressure to riseB. prevents unnecessary heart decelerationC. determines normal activity of the urinary tractD. accelerates activity of the digestive tract
Sympathetic division fibers leave the spinal cord in the:A. craniosacral region, and the postganglionic fibers secrete acetylcholineB. craniosacral regions, and the postganglionic fibers secrete norepinephrineC. thoracolumbar region, and the postganglionic fibers secrete norepinephrineD. craniosacral region, and the preganglionic fibers secrete norepinephrineE. thoracolumbar region, and the postganglionic fibers secrete acetylcholine
Sympathetic responses generally are widespread because ________.A. inactivation of ACh is fairly slowB. preganglionic fibers are longC. preganglionic fibers are shortD. NE and epinephrine are secreted into the blood as part of the sympathetic response
Which of these effectors is not directly controlled by the autonomic nervous system?Select one:A. smooth muscleB. cardiac muscleC. most glandsD. skeletal muscle
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Preparing the body for the “fight-or-flight” response during threatening situations is the role of the:Select one:A. sympathetic nervous systemB. parasympathetic nervous systemC. somatic nervous systemD. cerebrumE. afferent nervous system
The parasympathetic fibers of the ________ nerves innervate smooth muscles of the eye that cause the lenses to bulge to accommodate close vision.Select one:A. oculomotorB. abducensC. opticD. trochlear
The parasympathetic ganglion that serves the eye is the ________.Select one:A. pterygopalatine ganglionB. otic ganglionC. ciliary ganglionD. submandibular ganglion
Which subdivision of the autonomic nervous system operates using the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine:A. somaticB. parasympatheticC. centralD. peripheralE. sympathetic
The “resting and digesting” division of the autonomic nervous system is the ________.A. peripheral nervous systemB. somatic divisionC. sympathetic divisionD. parasympathetic division
The effects of the sympathetic nervous system are essentially opposite of the:A. parasympathetic nervous systemB. central nervous systemC. autonomic nervous systemD. sensory divisionE. motor division
Which of the following does not describe the ANS?A. a system of motor neurons that innervates all muscle cellsB. involuntary nervous systemC. a system of motor neurons that innervates smooth and cardiac muscle and glandsD. general visceral motor system
The white rami communicantes ________.A. are unmyelinatedB. carry postganglionic fibers to the peripheryC. carry preganglionic axons to the sympathetic chainD. are found only in the C1-T1 cord segments
Sympathetic division stimulation causes ________.A. decreased blood glucose, increased GI peristalsis, and decreased heart rate and blood pressureB. increased blood glucose, increased GI peristalsis, and decreased heart rate and blood pressureC. decreased blood glucose, increased GI peristalsis, and increased heart rate and blood pressureD. increased blood glucose, decreased GI peristalsis, and increased heart rate and blood pressure
Parasympathetic functions include ________.A. mobilizing storage energy sourcesB. a stimulation of heart rate and force of contractionC. allowing the body to cope with an external threatD. lens accommodation for close vision
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